Identifier: illustratedguide00stev (find matches)
Title: An illustrated guide to the flowering plants of the middle Atlantic and New England states (excepting the grasses and sedges) the descriptive text written in familiar language
Year: 1910 (1910s)
Authors: Stevens, George T. (George Thomas), 1832-1921
Subjects: Plants
Publisher: New York, Dodd, Mead and company
Contributing Library: The LuEsther T Mertz Library, the New York Botanical Garden
Digitizing Sponsor: The LuEsther T Mertz Library, the New York Botanical Garden

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Fig. I from which the plant derives certain elements of its nourishment.The root also, in a great majority of cases, serves to fix the plantin a position favoral)!e to its existence and growth. It differs fromthe stem in not bearing leaves. Some plants, notably many species of the orchid group in tropicaland semi-tropical climates and some trees, as for example the man-grove, are supplied with aerial roots. Some of these roots growingin the open air cling to the branches of trees, while other aerialroots hang as long, more or less fleshy, pendants or cords exposedto the winds. Otiier aerial roots, arising irregularly in the courseof the stem, as for example, those from the stem of the ivy (Fig. 1),and which have for tboir purpose, in general, the support of weakclimbing stems, arc known as adventitous roots. Such roots grow- OUTLINE OF STRUCTURAL BOTANY ing at regular intervals, as at the leaf axils, are lateral roots(Fig. 3).
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Fig. 2 Still other plants have roots swimming free in water on the sur-face of which the body of the plant floats. Many plants of the non-flowering class are devoid of roots, butwith rare exceptions, as, for example, the floating grains constitut-ing the plants of Wolffia, flowering plants areprovided with roots, terrestrial, aerial oraquatic. Although the roots of a plant have theirorigin in the radicle of the em-bryo they may exist in largenumbers having the appear-ance of arising from as manydistinct origins, but at thevery base of the stem. Thus,among the plants of the greatgrass family, a group of rootsseems to spring from the sameFig. 3—Fibrous rootslevcl and to procced downwardAvith few or no branches. Infact these numerous roots have sprung from theradicle all at nearly the same level and have sofar monopolized its structure that they prac-tically, though not theoretically, arise from thebase of the stem. Eoots of this kind, arising innumbers from apparently the same level a

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